Inspecting a repository

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An easier way is to open the reference browser cf. By default one is at the top and the other at the bottom, so the toggle button just switches between one image and the other. The content of the header is a summary of changes made to the file.

Diff-highlight pairs up matching lines of diff output and highlights sub-word fragments that have changed. You will see these settings in the Comparing Version dialog cf.

Viewing Differences

Comparing changes with git diff Diffing is a function that takes two input data sets and outputs the changes between them. These data sources can be commits, branches, files and more. This document will discuss common invocations of git diff and diffing work flow patterns. The git diff command is often used along with git status and git log to analyze the current state of a Git repo. Reading diffs: outputs Raw output format The following examples will be executed in a simple repo. This is expected behavior as there are no changes in the repo to diff. Once modified, we can view a diff and analyze the output. You will most likely not need this information. The numbers in this output correspond to Git object version hash identifiers. Diff chunks The remaining diff output is a list of diff 'chunks'. A diff only displays the sections of the file that have changes. In our current example, we only have one chunk as we are working with a simple scenario. Chunks have their own granular output semantics. Each chunk is prepended by a header inclosed within symbols. The content of the header is a summary of changes made to the file. In our simplified example, we have -1 +1 meaning line one had changes. In a more realistic diff, you would see a header like: -34,6 +34,8 In this header example, 6 lines have been extracted starting from line number 34. Additionally, 8 lines have been added starting at line number 34. The remaining content of the diff chunk displays the recent changes. Each changed line is prepended with a + or - symbol indicating which version of the diff input the changes come from. This mode tokenizes added and removed lines by whitespace and then diffs those. One of these is a Perl script called diff-highlight. Diff-highlight pairs up matching lines of diff output and highlights sub-word fragments that have changed. Diffing binary files In addition to the text file utilities we have thus far demonstrated, git diff can be run on binary files. Unfortunately, the default output is not very helpful. It does require a little set up though. First, you need to specify a textconv filter describing how to convert a certain type of binary to text. You can set this up for a single repository by editing your. You can do this by creating a. The same technique can be applied to get useful diffs from all sorts of binary files, for example: zips, jars and other archives: using unzip -l or similar in place of pdf2html will show you paths that have been git log show diff or removed between commits images: exiv2 can be used to show metadata changes such as image dimensions documents: conversion tools exist for transforming. In a pinch, strings will often work for binary files where no formal converter exists. Comparing files: git diff file The git diff command can be passed an explicit file path option. When a file path is passed to git diff the diff operation will be scoped to the specified file. The below examples demonstrate this usage. The --cached option is synonymous with --staged. Comparing all changes Invoking git diff without a file path will compare changes across the entire repository. The above, file specific examples, can be invoked without the. Changes since last commit By default git diff will show you any uncommitted changes since the last commit. The two dots in this example indicate the diff input is the tips of both branches. The same effect happens if the dots are omitted and a space is git log show diff between the branches. Additionally, there is a three dot operator: git diff branch1. It changes branch1 into a ref of the shared common ancestor commit git log show diff the two diff inputs, the shared ancestor of branch1 and other-feature-branch. The last parameter input parameter remains unchanged as the tip of other-feature-branch. We discussed how to read git diff output and the various data included in git log show diff output. Examples were provided on how to alter the git diff output with highlighting and colors. We discussed different diffing strategies such as how to diff files in branches and specific commits. In addition to the git diff command, we also used git log and git checkout.

The git log command is typically the starting point for these interactions, as it lets you find the commits you want to work with. For example, if you want to know when the string Hello, World! If it is neither fast-forward nor rewind, then we compare commit time. If you want to see the actual changes introduced by each commit, you can pass the -p option to git log. This is for a fast-forward change. M computes the set of commits that are ancestors of M, but excludes the ones that are ancestors of D. After trying to figure it out on my own for a couple of days and no luck with my google-fu I thought I must be missing something so I posted the question here. The result in this example would be all the commits, except A and B and D itself, of course. You can download it from. Then select Compare revisions from the context menu cf. Use to view the commit history.